F-J - Glossary

Guarana

A South American plant that produces berries with a high concentration (up to 7.5%) of caffeine.  Guarana extracts have been used in traditional folk medicine, as well as a base for soft drinks.  In North America, standardized guarana extracts are used as a “natural” source of caffeine in weight loss supplements and energy drinks. See Paul’s review, “Guarana – Caffeine’s Fat-Burning...

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Glucuronolactone

A naturally-occurring metabolite of glucose. Glucuronolactone is used in energy drinks as well as some pre-workout supplements as an energy booster. It’s also sold in bulk powder form. There are no studies on glucuronolactone that validate its use for enhancing mood or energy, however – the evidence is strictly anecdotal.

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GABA

GABA stands for gamma-aminobutyric acid, an inhibitory neurotransmitter derived from glutamate (an amino acid and excitatory neurotransmitter).  When taken in supplemental form, GABA has a mild sedative effect that can aid relaxation and sleep.  Supplemental GABA may also stimulate resting growth hormone production.

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Folic Acid

A B-vitamin needed for proper nucleic acid and amino acid metabolism.  Folic acid plays a particularly critical role in the metabolism of the amino acid methionine; deficiency can result in a buildup of homocysteine – a harmful metabolite that’s a marker of cardiovascular disease risk.  Adequate folic acid intake is particularly important during pregnancy, for the prevention of neural tube defects. See: “Folic Acid...

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Ilex paraguariensis

Ilex paraguariensis – see Yerba Mate

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Glucomannan / Konjac / Amorphophallus Konjac: Fiber Supplement

Glucomannan (“konjac” or “amorphophallus konjac”) is an un-absorbable polysaccharide that is derived from the konjac root (i.e., a “fiber” supplement). Clinical evidence indicates it provides weight loss, cholesterol and blood sugar lowering benefits. See the full review for a complete discussion and accompanying clinical...

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